Analysis of pathogeny and clinical manifestation in children with end-stage renal disease in China Running title: Children with end-stage renal disease

Objective: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the complete or almost complete failure of the kidneys to work. This kind of kidney failure is permanent and cannot be fixed. Most cases of ESRD are caused by diabetes or high blood pressure. Now the most effective methods of ESRD treatment are hemodialysis (HD) or kidney transplantation. In China, the pediatric patients with ESRD were increased in decades. Thus, it’s important to study the pathogeny and clinical manifestation of children with ESRD. Our study will contribute to the better knowledge and clinical treatment to children with ESRD. Methods: We examined the etiology and clinical manifestation of pediatric patients with ESRD before treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin medical University from 2009.7 to 2013.6. A total of 126 pediatric patients were included, with the average age of 9.16 2.32 years old. Results: We demonstrated the clinical manifestation of children with ESRD as well as followed-up results of patients treating with HD or kidney transplantation. The results showed that 59.52% of total patients have hypertension, 91.27% anemia and 80.16% cardiovascular disease. These clinical manifestation are highly correlated with ESRD in children, and would aggravate the risk of death in these children. Conclusion: Our study found several complications, such as hypertension and anemia, were highly correlated with ESRD in China; which could contribute to a better knowledge of pediatric ESRD in China, thus serving for ESRD treatment in future. [Xiaohui Li, Yajun Wang, Yan Li. Analysis of pathogeny and clinical manifestation in children with end-stage renal disease in China. Life Sci J 2014; 11(10):740-743]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 120